OTA 2006 Posters


Scientific Poster #70 Basic Science

The Anatomic Periarticular Plate: An Oxymoron
Kanu Goyal, BS (*); Anthony F. Skalak, MD (*);
Yohannes Haile-Selassie, PhD (*); Randall E. Marcus, MD (*);
Heather Vallier, MD (*); Daniel R. Cooperman, MD (*);
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, MetroHealth Medical Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA


Purpose: Our objective was to develop a method to quantify plate fit and to test the method.

Methods: Normal tibias from 25 black males, 27 white males, 26 black females, and 25 white females were obtained. Medial and lateral, 8-hole, 3.5-mm, anatomic, proximal, periarticular plates (Zimmer Corp, Warsaw, Indiana) were fixed to the tibias. Using a Microscribe G2LX digitizer, Rhinoceros, Excel, and Matlab software, we analyzed (1) the angular relationships between the tibia and the plate as well as (2) the volume of space between the tibia and the plate.

Results: Tibial length ranged from 29 cm to 46 cm. Medial and lateral tibial plateau slopes averaged 81° (range, 69-92°). Plateau-plate angles ranged from parallel to 13°, while shaft-plate angles ranged from parallel to 10°. The volume of space under the plates was analyzed in three sections - Proximal (under the head of the plate, which is parallel to the tibial plateau), Middle (under the three proximal shaft holes), and Distal (under the five distal shaft holes).

The volume of space between the tibias and the plates was:

  Proximal  Middle  Distal
 Medial  619 mm (±215 mm)  471 mm (±160 mm)  794 mm (±669 mm)
 Lateral  643 mm (±183 mm)  722 mm (±263 mm)  386 mm (±285 mm)


If the space under the plate was evenly distributed (<300 mm difference between the Middle volume and the Distal volume) the fit was defined as Even. Plates that failed to make good contact with the Middle portion of the tibias (Middle volume - Distal volume = >300 mm) were defined as Spanning. If premature plate-tibia contact elevated the distal end of the plate (Distal volume ­ Middle volume = >300 mm), the plates were defined as being in Impingement.

 Spanning

 Even

 Impingement
 Medial Plate

 33

 26

 44

 Lateral Plate

 78

 17

 8

The head of the plate was aligned within 2° of parallel with the tibial plateau in 57% of specimens on the medial side and 45% on the lateral side. The shaft of the plate was aligned within 2° of parallel with the shaft of the tibia in 34% of specimens on the medial side and 79% on the lateral side.

Conclusions/Significance: We developed a digital method for representing plate fit. We defined an anatomic fit as one that has <2,000 mm of space between the plate and the tibia, an Even fit, and the plate aligned within 2° of parallel with the tibial plateau and the tibial shaft. This type of fit appeared "anatomic" to the eye. This fit occurred 10 times on the medial side and 10 times on the lateral side of 103 normal tibias. We believe that the term "anatomic" should be clearly defined with data and that plate contours should be clearly described with data.


If noted, the author indicates something of value received. The codes are identified as a-research or institutional support; b-miscellaneous funding; c-royalties; d-stock options; e-consultant or employee; n-no conflicts disclosed, and *disclosure not available at time of printing.
· The FDA has not cleared this drug and/or medical device for the use described in this presentation (i.e., the drug or medical device is being discussed for an "off label" use). · · FDA information not available at time of printing.