OTA 2006 Posters


Scientific Poster #43 Foot and Ankle

Reliability of Bohler's Angle on Lateral Radiographs of the Calcaneus
Anthony Sanzone, MD (n);
Emily Benson, MD (n);
Carol Conroy, MPH, PhD (n); Michael Bongiovanni, MD (n);
Adnan Cutuk, MD (*); Paul Gerard, MD (n); Michael Mazurek, MD (n);
Aaron Osbourne, MD (n); Alexandra Schwartz, MD (n);
Jeffrey Smith, MD (n); Joel Smith, MD (n);
San Diego Association of Traumatologists (SDAT),
San Diego, California, USA


Purpose: For decades, the measurement of Bohler's angle has been used extensively to determine the loss of height of the calcaneus when it is fractured. This angle has been measured on lateral radiographs preoperatively to help guide treatment and to generate prognosis. In the orthopaedic literature, it has been found to be predictive of morbidity and of the need for late subtalar fusion. It has also been used to compare treatment methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of this measurement.

Methods: 24 lateral radiographs of the calcaneus were used for this study. They were selected from 5 different hospital radiology departments and consisted of a wide spectrum of injury. Some were mildly fractured, some were severely comminuted, and some were postoperative films. Ten orthopaedic surgeons (5 orthopaedic trauma fellowship-trained surgeons, 2 orthopaedic surgeons with an interest in trauma, 2 current orthopaedic trauma fellows, and 1 orthopaedic resident) were instructed to measure Bohler's angle on each film with the goniometer of their choice. They were asked to complete the task again after a few hours had passed and then a third time a few hours after that. Thus, for each radiographic case the Bohler's angle was recorded 3 times by each observer. These numbers were then averaged and the range was examined to determine both inter- and intraobserver reliability.

Results: There was an average interobserver range of 20° for each radiograph, with an average standard deviation of 4.6°. The Shrout-Fleiss intraclass correlation for interrater reliability was found to be 0.87 (with 0 being no correlation and 1 being perfect correlation). As expected, the intraobserver results were more consistent than the interobserver measurements. The Chronbach coefficient alpha test for intrarater reliability was found to be 0.98.

Conclusion/Significance: These results suggest that the measurement of Bohler's angle is associated with an acceptable degree of statistical reliability despite a wide range of clinical measurements. Understanding of this limitation is important when using Bohler's angle for scientific or predictive purposes.


If noted, the author indicates something of value received. The codes are identified as a-research or institutional support; b-miscellaneous funding; c-royalties; d-stock options; e-consultant or employee; n-no conflicts disclosed, and *disclosure not available at time of printing.
· The FDA has not cleared this drug and/or medical device for the use described in this presentation (i.e., the drug or medical device is being discussed for an "off label" use). · · FDA information not available at time of printing.